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Quality Engineering Case Studies

Holistic, research-backed deep dives: methodology, data, outcomes, and lessons. Each case study is a full page you can read end-to-end or use as a reference.

Process Improvement

Defect Reduction & Statistical Process Control (SPC)

High defect rate on a critical assembly line drove rework and customer complaints. Root cause analysis (8D, 5-Why), SPC limits, real-time Power BI dashboards, and operator training on out-of-control response.

Outcomes
  • ~40% defect reduction
  • Faster containment via automated alerts
  • Audit-ready SPC documentation
SPC 8D Root Cause Power BI
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Analytics & Dashboards

Unified Quality Dashboards

Quality and production data lived in spreadsheets and legacy systems. Built a single source of truth with SQL ETL and Power BI dashboards for incoming, in-process, and customer quality.

Outcomes
  • ~60% less time on manual reporting
  • Same-day visibility for management
  • Drill-down from plant to part level
Power BI SQL DAX ETL
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Quality Systems

CAPA & Audit Readiness

CAPA and nonconformance records were fragmented; external audits required last-minute scrambling. Standardized CAPA workflow and central audit pack with traceability to ISO 9001.

Outcomes
  • Zero major findings in follow-up audit
  • Faster CAPA closure with clear ownership
  • Supplier audit scorecards in one place
CAPA ISO 9001 Auditing Document Control
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Supplier & Incoming

Supplier Quality & Incoming Inspection

AQL-based incoming inspection, supplier scorecards in Power BI, and defect containment. Reduced incoming defect escapes and improved supplier accountability.

Outcomes
  • ~35% reduction in incoming defect escapes
  • Data-driven supplier reviews
  • Audit-ready AQL inspection records
AQL Supplier Power BI
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Risk & FMEA

FMEA & Risk Prioritization

Process FMEA with RPN prioritization; action plans for high-risk failure modes. Reduced high-RPN items and improved control plans.

Outcomes
  • ~50% reduction in high-RPN failure modes
  • Clearer control plans
  • Audit-ready FMEA documentation
FMEA RPN Control Plan
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Measurement Systems

Gage R&R & Measurement System

Gage R&R studies per AIAG MSA; %GRR improvement and clearer calibration and measurement procedures.

Outcomes
  • %GRR < 30% for critical characteristics
  • Clearer procedures
  • Data-driven gage and training decisions
Gage R&R MSA Calibration
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Lean Six Sigma

DMAIC Process Improvement

Full DMAIC project: Define–Measure–Analyze–Improve–Control. Cycle time and defect reduction with sustained controls.

Outcomes
  • ~25% cycle time reduction
  • Sigma improvement
  • Reusable DMAIC template
DMAIC Lean Six Sigma SPC
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New Product

PPAP & New Product Launch

PPAP submission per AIAG: flow, FMEA, control plan, MSA, capability, run-at-rate. On-time customer approval and zero launch escapes.

Outcomes
  • On-time PPAP approval
  • Zero launch escapes (90 days)
  • Repeatable launch checklist
PPAP FMEA Control Plan
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Analytics

Trend Analysis & Early Warning

Trend charts and leading indicators in Power BI; alerts when parameters drift. Earlier detection and preventive action.

Outcomes
  • Earlier detection of process drift
  • Fewer customer-impacting defects
  • Preventive vs. reactive actions
Trend Analysis Power BI SPC
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Problem Solving

Root Cause Analysis (Fishbone & 5-Why)

Standalone RCA using Fishbone and 5-Why for recurring defects. Elimination of recurrence and standard RCA template.

Outcomes
  • Elimination of recurrence for targeted issues
  • Standard RCA template
  • Stronger corrective actions
Root Cause 5-Why Fishbone
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Quality Systems

Document Control & Revision Management

Document control per ISO 9001: single repository, revision control, approval workflow. One current revision per document and audit-ready records.

Outcomes
  • One current revision per document
  • No obsolete document use
  • Audit-ready records
Document Control ISO 9001 Revision
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Customer Quality

Customer Complaint & RMA Reduction

8D for every customer complaint; dashboard for complaint rate and 8D closure. Faster response and fewer repeat complaints.

Outcomes
  • ~30% reduction in complaint rate
  • Faster 8D closure
  • Fewer repeat complaints
8D Customer RMA
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Process Capability

Process Capability (Cpk) Improvement

Capability studies and improvement (centering and variation reduction) for key characteristics. Cpk > 1.33 and reduced out-of-spec.

Outcomes
  • Cpk > 1.33 for critical characteristics
  • Reduced scrap and out-of-spec
  • Data-driven control limits
Cpk Process Capability SPC
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